Which side of the electromagnetic spectrum has higher energy?

The choice that includes violet, ultraviolet (UV), X-rays, and gamma rays encompasses the higher energy region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Energy in electromagnetic radiation is directly related to the frequency of the photons; higher frequency corresponds to higher energy.

Violet light is at the higher end of the visible spectrum, just before UV light. Ultraviolet radiation has even higher energy due to its increased frequency compared to visible light. X-rays and gamma rays follow, possessing significantly higher energies as they have much shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies than UV light.

The other choices include regions of the spectrum that, while important, do not compare to the energy of the electromagnetic radiation in option D. For example, infrared radiation, red, and orange light are on the lower energy side of the spectrum, and radio waves and microwaves have relatively lower energies compared to visible light and beyond. Thus, the reason D is correct is that it lists wavelengths that are well-established as being higher in energy than those found in the other options.