Texas A&M University (TAMU) CHEM107 General Chemistry for Engineering Students Exam 2 Practice

The standard conditions for temperature and pressure, often referred to as Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP), are defined as 0°C (or 273.15 K) and 1 atm of pressure. This definition is crucial in gas calculations because it establishes a consistent baseline from which the behavior of gases can be compared and predicted using the ideal gas law and other equations.

At these standard conditions, gases behave in a predictable manner, allowing for simplified calculations. For example, at STP, one mole of an ideal gas occupies a volume of 22.4 liters. This volume can be used to relate the number of moles of gas to its volume under standard conditions, making it easier to perform stoichiometric calculations in chemical reactions.

The other options present different combinations of temperature and pressure that do not conform to the widely accepted definitions of STP, which is why they are not considered standard conditions.